Rotor, impeller, or the like



Aug. Z3, 1932. I CANDLE JR 1,873,853

I ROTOR, IMPELLER, OR THE LIKE Filed Sept. 18, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1 i 10 H 12 7f J5 7 6 L J J Patented Aug. 23, 1932 arissa cnarsrrnn' avers, JR, ornmon oiTY, NEW anasEY, ASSIGNOR T MURRAY T.- QUIGG,.

v V i or COUEIIYLOF NEW YORK, N. Y.

apron, IMPELLER, on THE LIKE Application filed September 18,1930. Serial NO. 48230;,

- This invention is a rotor, impeller, propeller orthe like which is ca )able of a variet Y of uses. The rotor comprises a plurallty 0t blades'ofspecial design, one of the niain-fe'ay tures of which is that the fluid displaced by the rotor is discharged directly rearwardly substantially parallel tothe of rotation. The rotor is capable of broad application in pumping and displacing fluids, either gas- 19 eons or liquid. In other words, it is capable of use as a water pump, as an air pun'lp, in all sorts of suction and pressure fans,-as a ship propeller, as an airplane propeller, as asupercharger and in any other situation where it is desired to displace a fluid; I I The rotor comprises a plurality of blades, one of the chief features ofwhich isa flange at the end of each blade extendingsubstantially at right angles to theblade, this flange servingto prevent the escape of fluid from the blades in a radial direction, and serving to directit straight to the rear; It is, of course, well understood, that the reactive force of a: propeller is. directly proportional to the weight of fluid displaced rearwardly; fluid displaced tangentially or outwardly, has very little effect in'creating a reactive push.

In fact, this propeller willdirect the fluid- I leaving the blades not only directly rear- 1 wardly, butin a path which converges slightly' toward the axis of rotation, which direction of flow tends tofill inthe lowpressure area caused by the fluid flowing past the propeller hub and blades. r t c More specifically, each blade ofthe propeller comprises a back portion, which is substantially flat, the plane 01 which-is sub-i stantially perpendicular tothe axis of rota-' Merging with and connected to the portion of the blade is an angled iI'n-l tion. back v pellerportion, which is the primary agentin driving the fluid rearwardly.-v [Bridging the space-at the ends'of the back and impeller portions, is a flangeportion which issubstantiallyperpendicular to the faces of; the back and impeller portions. This flange is an important fea-ture of the invention and is in the shape of a segment of-a cylinder, the Y axis of which iscoincident with the axis of the'rotor. V Y

The general features of the invention having beenthus outlined, reference is now'made to the accompanyingdrawings illustrating specific embodiments of'th e invention.

In these drawings, r p i Fig. 1 'is a view'looking 'endon at the rotor, the rotor discharging toward the reader Fig. 2 Fig. 3

isatopview; r 1s a top view and section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

- Fig. 4 fication';

is a sectional view through a modi- Fig. 5 is a view of a detail of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a front'view of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 7 is a View, partly broken away, of another modification. I I

Referring now to these drawings, the rotor comprises a hub 2, from which radiate a plurality of blades indicated generally at 4. Each'blade comprises a back portion 6, which is substantially fiat, and the plane of which is substantially perpendicular to the axis 88 of the rotor.

angled impeller portion 12. I

The rear edge of the impeller, represented 1 by the line 10,'.is substantiallyperpendicular Figs. 2 and edge 10.

3, so as to converge with respect to Bridging across the space between the ends of back portion 6 and impeller portion 12 and attached to each of these portions along the lines 14 and 16 respectively is a flange 18,

which is in the shape of a segment of a jcylin der, the axis of which is coincident with the axis of, rotation 8. The'curved flange 18 is preferablysubstantially perpendicular to the plane of the blade portions ,6 and 12, that is to say,"a tangent drawn to l8at any point along the lines 14 0r.16 would be substantially perpendicular to the tions 6 or 12.

plane of the blade por- As shown more particularly in Fig. 2, the flange 18, looked at from'above, is substantially" in substantially equal sides. 1

Fitted the shapeof a parallelogram withon the hub 2 at the delivery side of I p Secured to one edge of the back portion 6, along the line 10, is an the rotor is a conical cap 20 or the like for preventing eddying at this point.

When the rotor is rotated in the direction of the arrow at the right of Fig. 2, fluid is driven as indicated by the arrows 22 substantially directly rearwardly although there is a definite tendency to drive the liquid or fluid along slightly converging lines, converging towards the axis of rotation as inclicated by the arrows 22. However, the blades can be designed to drive the fluid either directly rearwardly, or rearwardly on slightly converging lines, as desired.

Fluid enters between the blades through the spaces 24 at the intake side of the propeller.

The intake of one of these spaces 24 is substantially equal in area to the area of one of the back portions ofa blade 6, which area is also approximately the same as the inside area of an impeller blade 12, and is also substantially equal to the outside area of one of the flange portions 18.

In operation, when the rotor is rotated, fluid enters between the blades at 24 and is driven directly rearwardly, or rearwardly on slightly converging lines, by the cooperative action of the blade portions. This cooperative action may be explained as follows. Fluid enters between the blades at an angle determined by the number of blades on the rotor and the angle at which they are placed, each of the angles being the same, and their sum being 360. The angle of the impelling surface of the following blade counteracts this angle of the fluid and straightens it out. In the case of a six-blade rotor, fluid enters at an angle of 30 with the axis of rotation of the rotor and meets the iinpelling surface of the next blade, which is at a 30 angle and is going in the opposite direction from the fluid; the fluid is straightened out and driven in a line parallel with the axis.

The flange 18 prevents any radial or lateral escape of fluid and directs it rearwardly or rearwardly and inwardly.

Referring now to Fig. 4, each blade of the rotor has a back portion 6 and impeller portion '12 and a flange 18, as before. The corners between 6, 12 and 18 are preferably filled out and rounded out, as indicated at 26, so as to eliminate sharp corners and prevent the formation of eddies, thus promoting the smooth flow of fluid.

The delivery end of the hub 28 is provided with a cone 30 for preventing eddyin'g on the delivery side. On the intake side the hub is provided with a conical extension 34 which serves to guide the fluid outwardly along its outer surface to the intake spaces 24 between the blades. y

In order to facilitate the flow of liquid along member 34 and into the spaces 24 between the blades, spiral grooves 35 may be formed in the outside of member 34, the inner ends of the grooves opening into the space between the blades, at the roots thereof.

Fig. 7 illustrates a modification where the back portion of the blade, here designated as 6, is reduced for a substantial part of its area so as to facilitate a more rapid flow of fluid to the impeller on the suction side. The area of this portion 6', reading outwardly from the root thereof, is substantially constant, not increasing appreciably until near the tip, where it is widest. The rest of the rotor is substantially like that shown in Figs. 1 or 4 and corresponding parts are indicated by corresponding reference characters. This modification is particularly useful where there is not a great deal of back pressure to work against. If there is considerable back pressure, the form of invention shown in Figs. 1 or 4 isv more satisfactory.

It is of course within the contemplation of the invention to use two or more of any forms of the rotors in series. Where used in series they would preferably run in opposite directions.

WVhile theinvention has been illustrated in some detail, it should be understood that the invention is not to be limited to these details, but may be carried out in other ways as falling within the scope of the claims.

It should also be understood that the rotor is not restricted to any specific use but may be used in any situation where it is suitable.

I claim as my invention 1. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade comprising an angled impeller portion, a back portion having an edge coincident with an edge of said angled impeller portion, and a terminal flange portion.

2. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade comprising an angled impeller portion, a back portion having an edge coincident with an edge of said angled impeller portion, and a terminal flange portion which is substantially at right angles to other two portions.

3. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade comprising an angled impeller portion, a back portion lying in a plaiie substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and a terminal flange portion attached to the ends of the back and impeller portions, which prevents radial escape of fluid, and directs it in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the rotor.

. 4. A rotor, impeller or the like having,

radially extending blades, each blade comprising an angled impeller portion, a back portion, and a terminal flange portion which is a segment of a cylinder, the axis of which is the axis of rotation of the rotor.

5. A rotor,fimpeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade comprising an angled impeller portion, a back portion, and a terminal flange portion which is attached to the ends of the impeller and back portions and which is formed as a segment of a cylinder, the axis of which is the axis of rotation of the rotor, which serves to prevent radial escape of fluid, and directs it in a direction substantially parallel to the a terminal flange portion, the inside-angles between the several portions being filled out to give a rounded contour.

7. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each having a back portion which is substantially-flat and 1s in a' plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, an angled impeller portion joining said back portion at a common ed e, and a flange portion joining the back an impeller portions.

8. A rotor, impeller, or the like having radially extending blades, each having a back portion which is substantially flat and is in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, an angled impeller portion joining said back portion, and a flange portion joining the back and impeller portions, each flange portion being a segment of a cylinder, the axis of which is the axis of the rotor.

9. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each having a back portion which is substantially flat and is in a 7 plane substantially perpendicularto the axis of rotation of the rotor, an angled impeller portion joining said back portion, a flange portion joining the back and impeller portions, each flange portion being a segment of a cylinder, the axis ofwhich is the axis of the rotor, the inner angles between the several portions being filled out to give a rounded contour.

10. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade having a back portion which increases in area toward the outer edge thereof and which lies in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, an angled impeller,

portion which increases in area toward the outer edge thereof, and a flange extending.

across the space at the outer edges of the back and impeller portions.

11. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade having a back portion which increases in area toward the outer edge thereof, an angled impeller portion which increases in area toward the outer edge thereof, and a flange extending across the space at the outer edges of the back and impeller portions, the flange being a segment of a cylinder, the axis of whichis the axisof rotation of the rotor. 4

12. A rotor, impeller orthe likeha'ving radially extending blades, each having aback portion which is substantially flat and is in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and which increases in area toward the outer edge thereof, an angled impeller portion which joins the back portion at a common edge, and which in- 7 creases in area toward the outer edge thereof, and a flange extending across the space at the ends of the back and impeller portions.

13. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each having a back portion which is substantially flat and is in a plane substantially perpendicularto the axis of rotation of the rotor, vand which increases in area toward the outer edge thereof, an angled impeller portion which joins the. back portion, and which increases in area toward the outer edge thereo f,and a flange extending across the space at the ends of the back and impeller portions, the flange being a segment of a cylinder the axis-of which is the axis of rotation of the rotor. j

14:. Arotor, impeller or the like having ra-, dially extending blades, each blade having a back portion which increases in area toward the outer edge thereof and which .lies in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation'of the rotor, an angled impeller portion which increases in area toward the outer edge thereof, one-edge of the impeller portion being substantially perpendicular to the axis of the rotor, while the other edge is inclined to said. axis, and a flange extending across the space at the tips of the back and impeller portions. I p

15. A rotor, impeller or the like, having radially extending blades, each blade com= prising an angled impeller portion, a backportion lying in a plane substantiallypen pendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, a terminal flange portion, and atapered radially extending blades, each having 'a back portion .which is substantially flat and is in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, an angled impeller portion joining said back portion,-

a flange portion joining the back and impeller portions, and a conically shaped hub portion extending for a substantial distance outwardly/from the suction side of the rotor.

17 A rotor, impeller or the like having a hub and a plurality of radially extendingbl ades, each blade comprising a back portion, an angled impeller portion and aflange,

the flange being formed of a segment of a cylinder the axis of which is coincident with theaxis of therotor, the flange being .at-

tached to the ends of the back and impeller portions, and a conical cap fixed on the end of the hub at the delivery side of the rotor.

18. A rotor, impeller or the like having a hub and a plurality of radially extending blades, each blade comprising a back portion, an angled impeller portion and a flange, the flange being formed of a segment of a cylinder the axis of which is coincident with the axis of the rotor, the flange being attached to the end of the back and impeller portions, a conical cap fixed on the end of the hub at the delivery side of the rotor, the hub, on the intake end, being hollow and having an exterior surface in the shape of a frustum of a cone.

19. A rotor, impeller or the like having a hub, and a plurality of blades, each blade having a back portion which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the rotor, an angled impeller portion joined to the back portion ona line substantially perpendicular to the axis of the rotor, the other or delivery edge of the impeller port-ion converging toward the said perpendicular edge, and a flange, in the'shape of a segment of a cylinder, the axis of which is coincident with the axis of the rotor, attached to the ends of the back and impeller portions of the blade.

20. A rotor, impeller or the like having a hub, and blades extending radially from the hub, the hub having an extension extending for a substantial distance outwardly from the suction side of the rotor, the extension of the hub being provided with grooves the inner ends of which terminate between the blades at the roots thereof.

21. A rotor, impeller or the like having a hub, and blades extending radially from the hub, the hub having an extension extending for a substantial distance outwardly from the suction side of the rotor, the extension of the hub being provided with grooves the inner ends of which terminate between the blades at the roots thereof, the hub being also provided with a substantially conical cap at the delivery end thereof.

22. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade having a back portion which is substantially flat and is in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and an angled impeller portion joining said back portion,

- the fluid intake space between any two blades being substantially equal in area to the area of one of the blades.

23. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade having a back portion which is substantially flat and is in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis ofrotation of the rotor, and an angledimpeller portion joining said back portion, the fluid intake space between any two blades being substantially equal in area to the active area of one of said angled impeller portions.

24. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade having a back portion which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, an angled impeller portion joined at one edge to the back portion, and a flange portion joining the back and impeller por-' tions at the ends thereof, the flange being a segment of a cylinder, the axis of which is the axis of rotation of the rotor, the respective .fluid intake spaces between the blades, the active faces of the angled impeller portion and the outside faces of the flange portion being substantially equal in area.

25. A rotor, impeller or the like having radially extending blades, each blade having a back portion which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, an angled impeller portion, and a. flange connecting the ends of the back and impeller portions, said flange being the segment of a cylinder the axis of which is the axis of rotation of the rotor, the area of the back portion being relatively small for a substantial part of its length, and increasto a maximum near its outer end.

26. A rotor, impeller or the like, having radially extending blades, back portions for each blade which are substantially flat and lie in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, angled impeller portions for each blade, and flange portions joining the back and impeller portions, each impeller portion being adapted to admit fluid at an angle tothe axis of rotation; each succeeding impeller portion cooperating with its flange portion to counteract this angle to straighten out the fluid so that it flows rearwardly in a line substantially parallel to the axis of the rotation of the rotor.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

CHRISTIAN A. VOLF, JR. 

